How To Clean and Deodorize a Vacuum Cleaner for Maximum Suction Power

Step-by-Step Guide to Boost Performance, Eliminate Odors, and Extend the Life of Your Vacuum

If your vacuum cleaner smells musty, makes more noise than usual, or seems to be picking up less dirt, it’s probably overdue for a deep clean. Vacuums work hard — they suck up dust, pet hair, crumbs, and whatever else lives in your carpet fibers — but they can only do that effectively if they’re clean inside.

According to the Good Housekeeping Institute, regular maintenance can double the life of your vacuum and restore performance to like-new levels. And the best part? You can do it at home with just a few basic supplies.

Why Cleaning Your Vacuum Is Non-Negotiable

A dirty vacuum not only loses suction but can also release dust and allergens back into your home. Over time, buildup inside the machine can:

• Clog filters, restricting airflow.

• Harbor bacteria and mold, creating unpleasant odors.

• Damage the motor, shortening the vacuum’s lifespan.

• Spread allergens, especially if you have pets.

The American Lung Association notes that vacuum cleaners with dirty filters and compartments can reintroduce fine dust particles into indoor air, making allergies worse.

Step One: Unplug and Empty the Vacuum

Always start by unplugging the vacuum for safety. Then:

• Bagless models: Empty the dust canister into a trash bag outdoors to prevent dust from resettling inside your home.

• Bagged models: Remove the bag and dispose of it. If the bag is reusable, empty it outdoors and follow the manufacturer’s cleaning instructions.

Step Two: Clean the Canister or Bag Compartment

For bagless vacuums, wash the dust canister with warm soapy water. Rinse thoroughly and allow it to dry completely before reassembling — moisture can cause mold growth.

For bagged vacuums, wipe the compartment with a damp microfiber cloth to remove lingering dust.

Step Three: Wash or Replace Filters

Filters are critical for maintaining suction and trapping fine particles.

• HEPA filters: Some are washable, others need replacing — check your manual.

• Foam filters: Wash with mild soap and water, then air-dry completely.

• Paper filters: Usually not washable; replace as needed.

The EPA recommends replacing or cleaning filters every 1–3 months for optimal air quality.

Step Four: Remove Debris From the Brush Roll

Pet hair, string, and carpet fibers often wrap tightly around the brush roll, reducing effectiveness:

1. Flip the vacuum over and locate the brush roll.

2. Cut away tangled hair and threads with scissors, taking care not to damage bristles.

3. If removable, take out the brush roll and wash it in soapy water. Let it dry fully before reinstalling.

Step Five: Check and Clear the Hoses

A clogged hose can dramatically reduce suction:

• Detach the hose and inspect it for blockages.

• Use a broom handle or straightened coat hanger (gently) to push out any debris.

• Wash with warm soapy water, rinse, and let it dry completely.

Step Six: Deodorize Your Vacuum

To banish musty smells:

• Sprinkle baking soda inside the clean canister or bag compartment and let it sit for 30 minutes before vacuuming it out.

• For ongoing freshness, vacuum a small amount of dried lavender buds or use a vacuum-safe deodorizing powder.

The Mayo Clinic notes that keeping your cleaning tools odor-free can help reduce perceived indoor allergens and stale smells.

Step Seven: Wipe Down the Exterior

Use a damp cloth to clean the vacuum’s exterior, paying attention to the handle and buttons where oils from your hands can collect.

How Often Should You Clean Your Vacuum?

• Light household use: Every 1–2 months.

• Homes with pets or allergies: Monthly or even biweekly.

• Heavy use or commercial cleaning: Weekly maintenance recommended.

Pro Tips for Keeping Your Vacuum Cleaner Longer

• Avoid vacuuming wet materials — this can ruin the motor.

• Store in a dry, cool place.

• Replace belts as soon as they show wear to prevent strain on the motor.

• Keep extra filters on hand so you never skip a replacement.

The Bottom Line

A vacuum cleaner is one of the most important tools in your home cleaning arsenal — and like any hardworking tool, it needs care to keep performing at its best. By following these simple steps, you can restore suction power, eliminate odors, and extend the life of your machine.

Not only will your floors stay cleaner, but your indoor air quality will improve — and you’ll be saving money by avoiding early replacement.